Each group in the file names a crawler (User-agent) and says what it may not fetch (Disallow). User-agent: * means every crawler. A line saying Disallow: / under it asks every crawler to stay out of the whole site.
It’s a request, not a lock. Anthropic says its crawlers follow it. In December 2025 OpenAI removed the line saying its live fetcher, ChatGPT-User, follows it, on the view that a fetch a person asks for isn’t automatic crawling (PPC Land).
Most software companies want their public pages open and their app, sign-in and API paths kept out. Check yours if you want AI tools to name you, because sites sometimes block AI crawlers without meaning to. Cloudflare, for example, offers a “managed robots.txt” that adds lines blocking AI training bots (Cloudflare). Our guide explains what to look for.
Our own robots.txt lets every crawler read every public page.
Sources
Every number here links to where it came from. We checked each source on 6 Nov 2026.
PPC Land Anthropic's three crawlers and OpenAI's ChatGPT-User change
ppc.land Checked
Cloudflare Control content use for AI training
blog.cloudflare.com Checked